Pension Pension hurdles for women

In recent years, specific legislation and cultural changes have improved the economic position of women in Switzerland. Despite this, certain differences persist between the sexes, at least according to the statistics. This also has a significant impact on their financial situation when they retire.

Legislation appears to favor women

Considered objectively, the pension data appears to suggest a bias toward women. They have a lower retirement age, lower total AHV contributions and higher AHV benefits, as well as the same conversion rate as men in pillar 2, even though they retire earlier and live longer.

However, these factors do not prevent the systematically lower pensions and comparatively lower standard of living of female pensioners. This problem is due to social structures, individual decisions and destinies outside the pension system. Women still earn less than men, even if they have closed the gap somewhat in recent years. Women are more likely to work part time and to take career breaks more frequently than men. Due to the high costs of third-party childcare, they are often away from the workplace longer than they would like. Their lost earnings usually occur at an age that is significant for their career development. Alongside the lower contributions to pillar 1 and pillar 2, the opportunities to save privately are also reduced, a problem which in turn is magnified by the lack of compound interest over a period of decades. In addition, women tend to invest more conservatively, leading on average to lower returns.

Lifestyle affects pension situation

Changes in society in recent decades have opened up many new opportunities for women. But every decision – about training, career, further education, full-time or parttime work, taking parental leave or going freelance – affects your pension situation. And decisions in your private life, where traditional marriage is far from the only habitation or family model nowadays, also have far-reaching consequences. When couples decide whether to get married, they rarely take into proper account the considerable legal and pension-related aspects. For the partner who earns less and therefore pays in less – still usually the woman – the consequences of divorce or the death of the spouse are considerable.

Individual and societal solutions

In principle, almost every pension situation can be improved. Almost every decision that affects family life or commitment to work affects our pension. The impact of important financial decisions on your pension situation should, however, be taken into account.

In addition, and at the levels of state and society, there are further factors essential to a generally more stable pension situation, specifically for women. The three-pillar system must be consolidated and the 3rd pillar, in particular, made more attractive. For example, the law could be changed to allow those not working to pay into pillar 3a and allocate the corresponding tax relief either to a spouse – if employed – or toward credits against future tax obligations. Clearer and more flexible childcare and working models could prevent women, in particular, from being left behind.