Overview

President Donald Trump's second administration began on 20 January 2025 with a wide array of executive orders addressing government structure, immigration, energy, and other social and cultural issues. Many of the initial orders overturned executive orders from the prior administration, including those related to climate change, such as withdrawing the US's participation from the Paris Climate Agreement and ending a ban on new offshore drilling. Other initial executive orders have focused on topics including domestic energy production and eliminating the use of federal funds toward diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) programs. The first 100 days of the administration have seen the most frequent use of executive orders by any president in the past 50 years.

Based on executive orders signed as of 28 May, over 70% have either an environmental or social impact (Fig. 1); however, about 70% do not have any immediate investment implications (Fig. 3), in our view, although there are some additional concerns. Nonetheless, we believe the continuous headlines on these topics are likely to lead to short-term volatility for some strategies tied to sustainable investing themes. We also expect greater challenges in transparency, as US companies might pull back from publicly reporting progress on sustainability initiatives, including DEI programs. Executive orders are also focusing on reducing the size of the federal workforce and advancing deregulation.  Where standards and regulations at the national level are being reconsidered, companies can differentiate themselves through advanced policies, maintaining or improving their governance approach. We also expect state-level and international standards to limit significant change in the short-term.

We continue to believe in the economic case for investments in renewable energy, energy efficiency, and diversity and will monitor further impacts to sustainable investing. We see near-term volatility as an opportunity for investors to continue allocating toward investment strategies that align with their longer-term investment and sustainability objectives.

We address four key themes based on our analysis of the executive orders:

Government structure: Layoffs and cost-cutting initiatives have led to the closure of different grants and programs including those related to environmental justice and may limit the capacity of agencies to enforce existing policies. Efforts toward deregulation may also impact environmental and other social protections. However, it is likely companies continue to follow regulations given the lengthy process of deregulation and concerns EO legality may be challenged.

Social inclusion & diversity: The focus on diversity, equity, and inclusion programs has begun to spread from the federal government to federal contractors, law firms, and educational institutions. We believe this will continue to affect the private sector and may lead to reduced transparency on diversity metrics and related programs affecting investors who are focused on investing behind companies supporting diversity.

Energy & the environment: Efforts have been made to spur more traditional natural resource extraction, which we believe will be limited by market forces. We anticipate growing AI demand will continue to drive the need for additional energy capacity, from both renewable and traditional sources. Additionally, we expect deregulation efforts at the EPA and limiting fund disbursement may challenge certain environmental protections and related programs, although implementation will be key to assess the true impact. 

Tariffs: We expect tariffs to increase prices for consumer goods which will likely have a more negative impact on lower income families and small businesses.

Lawsuits filed against executive orders have had mixed results, with some resulting in temporary restraining orders and preliminary injunctions, some rejections of such requests, and some establishing a timeline for more decisions at a later date. For more details, please see inside.

This tracker will be regularly updated and currently contains executive orders signed as of 28 May 2025.

A donut chart showing the share of executive orders with environmental or social impact: 38% Social impact only, 12% Environmental impact only, 22% Environmental and social impact, 28% Neither

A donut chart showing the share of executive orders by theme: 26% Government, 20% International Affairs, 20% Socio-cultural, 8% Energy & the Environment, 6% Economy, 5% Immigration, 4% Defense and National Security, 3% Education, and 8% Multiple themes

A column chart showing the number of executive orders by investment implication for sustainability-focused investors: 71 Limited or uncertain investment implications; 41 Limited or uncertain investment implications, but additional concerns; 32 Other implications (macro and sector-specific); 18 Tariff-related (includes amendments to initial tariff EOs); 11 Pertains to the energy transition long-term themes; 9 Challenges to company sustainability transparency and reporting; 9 Favorable towards electrification and AI-related opportunities

Executive Order Tracker

Key themes in the tracker

Analysis of environmental and social impact and implications for sustainability-focused investors.

Explore the full tracker below

Date signed

Number

Theme

Title

Description

Additional notes and updates

Environmental impact overview

Social impact overview

Implications for investors focused on sustainability

5/23/2025

14299

Energy & the Environment

Deploying Advanced Nuclear Reactor Technologies for National Security

Enable private sector investment in advanced nuclear technologies, ensure development and deployment of advanced nuclear technologies, and drive interagency coordination on regulation; excludes adherence to National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) for DoD and DoE in constructing advanced reactors on some federal sites

N/A

Could lead to additional low-carbon sources of energy, however, excluding nuclear reactors from NEPA may increase environmental risk

None

Could lead to additional low-carbon energy sources if it is able to shorten approval times and drive further private sector engagement. Potential government investment in domestic nuclear production (including designs and uranium procurement) could help subsidize costs for the private sector. However, there are doubts this will happen based on efforts to reduce the work force at NRC and other challenges that may exist in project execution; Pertains to Energy Transitions LTI

5/23/2025

14300

Energy & the Environment

Ordering the Reform of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission

Seeks to facilitate increased deployment of new nuclear reactor technologies, expand domestic nuclear energy capacity, and support emerging technologies; reduces workforce size

N/A

Could lead to additional low-carbon sources of energy

None

Could lead to additional low-carbon energy sources if it is able to shorten approval times and drive further private sector engagement. Potential government investment in domestic nuclear production (including designs and uranium procurement) could help subsidize costs for the private sector. However, there are doubts this will happen based on efforts to reduce the work force at NRC and other challenges that may exist in project execution; Pertains to Energy Transitions LTI

5/23/2025

14301

Energy & the Environment

Reforming Nuclear Reactor Testing at the Department of Energy

Encourages DOE to develop advanced reactors to test and refine technology while improving domestic capability

N/A

Could lead to additional low-carbon sources of energy

None

Could lead to additional low-carbon energy sources if it is able to shorten approval times and drive further private sector engagement. Potential government investment in domestic nuclear production (including designs and uranium procurement) could help subsidize costs for the private sector. However, there are doubts this will happen based on efforts to reduce the work force at NRC and other challenges that may exist in project execution; Pertains to Energy Transitions LTI

5/23/2025

14302

Energy & the Environment

Reinvigorating the Nuclear Industrial Base

Promotes production and operation of nuclear energy, including developing raw material conversion capacity and an approach to managing spent nuclear fuel and high-level waste

N/A

Could lead to additional low-carbon sources of energy; Efforts to manage waste may reduce environmental risk

None

Could lead to additional low-carbon energy sources if it is able to shorten approval times and drive further private sector engagement. Potential government investment in domestic nuclear production (including designs and uranium procurement) could help subsidize costs for the private sector. However, there are doubts this will happen based on efforts to reduce the work force at NRC and other challenges that may exist in project execution; Pertains to Energy Transitions LTI

5/23/2025

14303

Government/Socio-cultural

Restoring Gold Standard Science

Supports the production of rigorous, transparent scientific research; and rescinds scientific integrity policies, procedures, or amendments to such policies or procedures issued during the prior administration

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

5/12/2025

14298

International Affairs

Modifying Reciprocal Tariff Rates To Reflect Discussions With the People's Republic of China

Suspends the country-specific ad valorem duty on China and effectively lowers most tariffs on China goods to 10% for 90 days

N/A

None

The pause on tariffs is one factor that may contribute to prices not rising higher.

Slight relief from potential price increases to consumer goods and industry supply chains; See latest CIO research on the impact of tariffs

5/12/2025

14297

Socio-cultural

Delivering Most-Favored-Nation Prescription Drug Pricing to American Patients

Encourages drug manufacturers to charge lower prices in the US; aims to cover the commercial market as well as public Medicare and Medicaid program; Orders FDA to consider expanding imports from other developed nations beyond Canada.

Similar to a policy from Trump 1.0 administration, but will likely face significant pushback from pharmaceutical industry, limiting implementation

None

May lessen health care costs for consumers and particularly seniors

Could have positive implications for healthcare providers in the sustainable universe with a view towards affordability; Will depend on implementation

5/9/2025

14294

Government

Fighting Overcriminalization in Federal Regulations

Deprioritizes criminal enforcement of criminal regulatory offenses and generally disfavors enforcement of liability offenses

N/A

May encourage some companies to forego environmental regulations given perceived lack of enforcement, however, we believe this is less likely given concerns regulations may be enforced later on

May encourage some companies to forego social regulations given perceived lack of enforcement, however, we believe this is less likely given concerns regulations may be enforced later on

Limited investment implications in the short or long term as we anticipate companies will generally maintain voluntary policies

5/9/2025

14295

Government

Increasing Efficiency at the Office of the Federal Register

Seeks to modernize and improve computer systems within the Office of the Federal Register to accelerate publication timelines

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

5/9/2025

14296

Government/Socio-cultural

Keeping Promises to Veterans and Establishing a National Center for Warrior Independence

Repurposes an existing government building to establish the National Center for Warrior Independence which will provide care, benefits, and services to veterans in the Los Angeles metropolitan area

N/A

None

Will provide additional support to veterans

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

5/5/2025

14292

Government/Socio-cultural

Improving the Safety and Security of Biological Research

Discontinues federal funding of biological-based research in countries of concern or other international countries with perceived inadequate levels of oversight; Encourages more independent oversight domestically in biological research

N/A

None

May reduce funding for critical biological research internationally 

May reduce funding for critical biological research internationally with uncertain investment implications

5/5/2025

14293

Government/Socio-cultural

Regulatory Relief To Promote Domestic Production of Critical Medicines

Aims to streamline existing regulations and guidance pertaining to the development of domestic pharmaceutical manufacturing

N/A

None

May lessen health care costs for consumers and particularly seniors

Uncertain investment implications; we expect pharmaceutical companies will continue to produce goods where most economically efficient

5/1/2025

14290

Government/Socio-cultural

Ending Taxpayer Subsidization of Biased Media

Instructs the Corporation for Public Broadcasting to cease direct and indirect funding to National Public Radio (NPR) and Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)

N/A

None

May reduce access to children's educational services and balanced media and reporting

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

4/29/2025

14289

International Affairs

Addressing Certain Tariffs on Imported Articles

States that previously implemented tariffs should not all have a cumulative effect and sets a procedure to determine which tariffs will apply. Specifically addresses automobile and auto part tariffs, steel or aluminum tariffs, and Canada and Mexico tariffs. Suggests steel and aluminum tariffs will not stack with automotive/auto part tariffs and the Canada and Mexico tariffs.

Multiple lawsuits have been filed regarding various EOs tied to tariffs

Should lead to fewer tariffs on automobile makers, including electric vehicle producers, who may have been subject to auto tariffs, material tariffs (steel/aluminum), and geographic tariffs (Canada/Mexico, etc.) 

May reduce expected price increases on lower income consumers and small businesses

Slight relief from potential price increases to consumer goods and industry supply chains; See latest CIO research on the impact of tariffs

4/28/2025

14288

Socio-cultural

Strengthening and Unleashing America's Law Enforcement to Pursue Criminals and Protect Innocent Citizens

Notes Attorney General will provide legal resources for law enforcement officers and seeks to increase excess military and national security assets in local jurisdictions to assist state and local law enforcement

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

4/28/2025

14287

Immigration

Protecting American Communities from Criminal Aliens

Directs Attorney General to identify state and local jurisdictions that obstruct the enforcement of federal immigration laws (sanctuary jurisdictions) and identify measures to encourage compliance for those which do not comply to federal immigration laws

N/A

None

May reduce funding to states and localities, having knock on effects on their ability to provide social services and meet other obligations

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

4/28/2025

14286

Socio-cultural

Enforcing Commonsense Rules of the Road for America's Truck Drivers

Seeks to enforce a federal law which states commercial vehicle drivers are able to meet an English-language requirement 

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

4/24/2025

14285

International Affairs

Unleashing America's Offshore Critical Minerals and Resources

Supports the development of domestic seabed or deep sea mineral exploration without compromising environmental and transparency standards; supports investments in deep sea science, strengthen partnerships with allies to counter China's growing influence over seabed mineral resources

N/A

Despite efforts to maintain environmental and transparency standards, deep sea mining may still present environmental risks to oceans and marine life

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

4/24/2025

14284

Government

Strengthening Probationary Periods in the Federal Service

Proposes changes to federal probationary periods; Establishes "Civil Service Rule XI" and requires agencies to actively certify a probationary employee's continued employment would advance public interest. Under this new rule, probationary employees can be removed for issues not related to performance which was not in earlier guidelines

N/A

Could lead to lower headcount in certain organizations which can reduce effectiveness and their ability to enforce regulations or provide supportive capabilities

Could lead to lower headcount in certain organizations which can reduce effectiveness and their ability to enforce regulations or provide supportive capabilities

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

4/23/2025

14283

Government/Socio-cultural/Education

White House Initiative To Promote Excellence and Innovation at Historically Black Colleges and Universities

Seeks to increase the private sector role, including the role of private foundations, in strengthening HBCUs, upgrading institutional infrastructure, and providing professional development opportunities for HBCU students. Does not explicitly include additional funding. Disbands a Board of Advisors regarding HBCUs in the Department of Education and reinstates a similar board in the White House, in the Executive Office of the President.

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

4/23/2025

14282

Socio-cultural

Transparency Regarding Foreign Influence at American Universities

Supports the enforcement of an existing rule to require universities to disclose sources of federal funding 

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

4/23/2025

14281

Socio-cultural

Restoring Equality of Opportunity and Meritocracy

Repeals or amends implementing regulations for Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 which address policies or practices that unintentionally discriminate against certain groups

N/A

None

May lead to fewer regulations providing social protections for underrepresented groups

Incremental risk to investors as fewer regulations may allow companies to pull back on policies and processes to support underrepresented groups

4/23/2025

14280

Socio-cultural

Reinstating Commonsense School Discipline Policies

Directs schools to not take into account race or ethnicity based factors and context in disciplinary processes

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

4/23/2025

14279

Education

Reforming Accreditation To Strengthen Higher Education

Mandates accreditors of educational institutions (including for professional education) require educational institutions to be free from diversity, equity, and inclusion policies for the student body and encourages intellectual diversity among faculty 

N/A

None

May limit the ability of educational institutions to include DEI policies and programming

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

4/23/2025

14278

Government

Preparing Americans for High-Paying Skilled Trade Jobs of the Future

Directs a review of federal workforce development programs to identify opportunities to realign resources to address critical workforce needs and in-demand skills

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

4/23/2025

14277

Education

Advancing Artificial Intelligence Education for American Youth

Promotes AI integration into K-12 education and establishes the White House Task Force on Artificial Intelligence Education which will ensure resources are funded

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

4/17/2025

14276

Economy

Restoring American Seafood Competitiveness

Directs Secretary of Commerce and Secretary of Health and Human Services to suspend, revise, or rescind regulations that may overburden commercial fishing operations

N/A

A renewed focus on the US maritime industry and commercial fishing might have mixed environmental incomes on the health of oceans, which need to be monitored as more detail on these policies is shared

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

4/15/2025

14275

Government

Restoring Common Sense to Federal Procurement

Seeks to revise the Federal Acquisition Regulation which guides procedures for acquisitions across executive departments and agencies

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

4/15/2025

14274

Government

Restoring Common Sense to Federal Office Space Management

Revokes previous executive order that encouraged federal office spaces to be placed in central business areas

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

4/15/2025

14273

Economy

Lowering Drug Prices by Once Again Putting Americans First

Guides agency heads to review opportunities to reduce drug prices, increase transparency on drug pricing, and reducing health care costs for seniors

N/A

None

May lessen health care costs for consumers, particularly seniors

Could have positive implications for healthcare providers in the sustainable universe with a view towards affordability; Will depend on implementation

4/15/2025

14272

International Affairs

Ensuring National Security and Economic Resilience Through Section 232 Actions on Processed Critical Minerals and Derivative Products

Calls upon Secretary of Commerce to review imports of critical minerals and their implication on national security, as well as suggest related tariffs, and review opportunities to improve domestic production

N/A

Assessment of critical minerals could encourage domestic mining and production and may lead to tariffs on foreign imports

None

Increased domestic production of critical minerals may simplify technology supply chains with manufacturing capabilities in the US

4/15/2025

14271

Government

Ensuring Commercial, Cost-Effective Solutions in Federal Contracts

Aims to procure commercially available products for federal contracts versus custom products; where custom products are proposed the agency's approval authority should be notified. This could also include oversight from the Director of OMB when requested.

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

4/9/2025

14270

Energy & the Environment

Zero-Based Regulatory Budgeting to Unleash American Energy

Requires the EPA, DoE, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Nuclear Regulatory Commission, as well as subcomponents of other agencies to put a "sunset date" (date regulation will cease to be effective) on noted regulations; will offer public comment period prior to conditional sunset date

N/A

Seeks to close significant existing environmental regulations and discourages future regulations citing DOGE's 10 for 1 deregulation approach

None

Uncertain investment implications in the short term; over the long term, there are mixed implications. Fewer regulations are likely to reduce costs, but this may have negative implications on emissions reductions or safety.  Can provide an opportunity for companies to differentiate with more advanced policies

4/9/2025

14269

Economy

Restoring America's Maritime Dominance

Instructs select Cabinet members to draft a plan to revitalize and rebuild domestic maritime industries and workforce; seeks to launch a maritime security trust fund and other financial incentives as well as establish maritime prosperity zones to support this effort

N/A

A renewed focus on the US maritime industry and maritime zones might have mixed environmental incomes on the health of oceans, which need to be monitored as more detail on these policies is shared

Maritime prosperity zones, if executed well, might have positive impact on employment for local communities

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

4/9/2025

14268

Government

Reforming Foreign Defense Sales to Improve Speed and Accountability

Seeks to improve speed and accountability by taking action with industry to reduce delays in conventional arms sales and improve efficiency

N/A

None

None

Potential uncertainty in the near term for defense contractors; SI investment strategies tend to exclude some defense-related companies, so implications for SI investors will vary depending on their region of focus

4/9/2025

14267

Government

Reducing Anti-Competitive Regulatory Barriers

Demands a review of regulations that create or facilitate monopolies (de facto or de jure) or create unnecessary barriers to entry for new market participants and recommendations for recission or modification

N/A

None

May reduce prices and encourage more competition to provide better products or services in industries where monopolies have taken hold

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

4/9/2025

14266

International Affairs

Modifying Reciprocal Tariff Rates to Reflect Trading Partner Retaliation and Alignment

Pauses reciprocal country-level tariffs for 90 days; increases tariffs on China to 125% from 84% starting April 10th; increases ad valorem duty on postal items from China to 120% from 90%; increases per postal item duty set to start on May 2, 2025 to $100 from $75 and increases duty set to start on June 1, 2025 to $200 from $150

Multiple lawsuits have been filed regarding various EOs tied to tariffs

Theoretically, lower trade and on-shoring of supply chains might reduce carbon emissions, but this impact is highly uncertain at this moment

Tariffs may lead to price increases on consumer goods, negatively impacting lower income families and small businesses the most

Potential price increases to consumer goods and industry supply chains; See latest CIO research on the impact of tariffs

4/9/2025

14265

Economy

Modernizing Defense Acquisitions and Spurring Innovation in the Defense Industrial Base

Seeks to develop an approach to reform defense acquisition processes to be more efficient, reduce regulations which hinder this objective, train a relevant workforce, and review any defense acquisition programs and contracts which are 15% over budget or behind schedule for potential termination

N/A

None

None

Potential uncertainty in the near term for defense contractors; SI investment strategies tend to exclude some defense-related companies, so implications for SI investors will vary depending on their region of focus

4/9/2025

14264

Energy & the Environment

Maintaining Acceptable Water Pressure in Showerheads

Repeals an Obama and Biden era regulation that limited water flow from showerheads to 2.5 gallons of water per minute

N/A

Could encourage showerhead manufacturers to develop showerheads that would increase water use per shower

None

Limited investment implications in the short term, but in the long term it could add incremental pressure on freshwater resources

4/9/2025

14263

Socio-cultural

Addressing Risks from Susman Godfrey

Suspends active security clearance to individuals at private law firm Susman Godfrey and seeks to terminate any federal funding or services to Susman Godfrey based on claims or race-based and sex-based discrimination in the firm's internal processes 

Lawsuit filed by Susman Godfrey to challenge EO

None

Likely to further discourage private companies from adopting policies focused on diversity and inclusion, including approaches not explicitly named as such

Potential incremental risk to investors focused on diversity and equality, as challenges introduced for US corporate diversity reporting and transparency

4/8/2025

14262

Energy & the Environment

Strengthening the Reliability and Security of the United States Electric Grid

Mandates the Department of Energy to assess and analyze the needs of the electric grid and ensure critical generation resources are retained 

N/A

May encourage the use of renewables to address the needs of the grid in combination with traditional fuel sources

None

Limited investment implications in the short term, but this could support renewable energy development and deployment where it can serve a critical need for the grid

4/8/2025

14261

Energy & the Environment

Reinvigorating America's Beautiful Clean Coal Industry and Amending Executive Order 14241

Designates coal as a mineral in order to receive benefits designed to increase mineral production (EO 14241); calls on Cabinet members to identify any policies that impede the production of coal and propose plans to rescind them; also encourages Cabinet members to investigate where coal can support AI data centers and how to expand coal technology

N/A

Supports the production of coal which is one of the highest carbon-emitting fuel sources, however, we think this will have limited impact given market forces driving coal-production

None

Limited investment implications in the short term, but could have longer term negative implications on Scope 1, 2, or 3 emissions from companies who use coal-powered energy

4/8/2025

14260

Government/Energy & the Environment

Protecting American Energy from State Overreach

Claims climate change policies are "ideologically motivated'; Encourages AG to identify all related laws at the state level and take appropriate action to stop the enforcement of these state laws

Highlights a New York state Climate Change Superfund Act, which would require fossil fuel companies to pay a share of the investments in infrastructure needed to adapt to climate change, proportionate to their contribution to greenhouse gas emissions and also highlights the cap-and-trade system in California

Does not acknowledge the scientific basis behind climate change; seeks to impact state-level laws on environmental protections particularly those that are more stringent than national law; some of these rules have previously survived legal challenges in the US

None

Creates volatility tied to environmental sustainability topics, but we see limited near-term risks.

Pertains to Power and resources investment theme

4/8/2025

14259

International Affairs

Amendment to Reciprocal Tariffs and Updated Duties as Applied to Low-Value Imports from the People's Republic of China

Increases the reciprocal tariffs on China to 84% from 34%; increases the ad valorem duty on de minimis packages and postal items to 90% from 30%;  increases duties on postal items from China set to start on May 2, 2025 to $75 from $25, and increases duties on postal items from China set to start on June 1 to $150 from $75

N/A

Theoretically, lower trade and on-shoring of supply chains might reduce carbon emissions, but this impact is highly uncertain at this moment

Tariffs may lead to price increases on consumer goods, negatively impacting lower income families and small businesses the most

Potential price increases to consumer goods and industry supply chains; See latest CIO research on the impact of tariffs

4/4/2025

14258

Socio-cultural

Extending the TikTok Enforcement Delay

Extends the enforcement delay towards TikTok until June 19, 2025

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

4/2/2025

14257

International Affairs

Regulating Imports With a Reciprocal Tariff To Rectify Trade Practices That Contribute to Large and Persistent Annual United States Goods Trade Deficits

Enacts a series of reciprocal tariffs at the country-level in addition to 10% broad-based tariffs and reaffirms 25% tariffs on auto-related imports

Reciprocal tariffs were paused on 9 April for 90 days, 10% broad-based tariffs and auto-related tariffs remain.

Will affect imports of some renewable energy infrastructure (this may be slightly offset by increasing domestic production; may slow down trade and therefore lower emissions from shipping

Tariffs may lead to price increases on consumer goods, negatively impacting lower income families and small businesses the most

Potential price increases to consumer goods and industry supply chains; See latest CIO research on the impact of tariffs

4/2/2025

14256

International Affairs

Further Amendment to Duties Addressing the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People's Republic of China as Applied to Low-Value Imports

Includes de minimis packages (sub-$800 in value) in taxation and begins a 30% tax on all de minimis packages starting on 2 May 2025. Also adds a $25 fee per postal item on May 2 and a $50 fee per postal item on June 1

N/A

Theoretically, lower trade and on-shoring of supply chains might reduce carbon emissions, but this impact is highly uncertain at this moment

Tariffs may lead to price increases on consumer goods, negatively impacting lower income families and small businesses the most

Potential price increases to consumer goods and industry supply chains; See latest CIO research on the impact of tariffs

3/31/2025

14255

Economy

Establishing the United States Investment Accelerator

Establishes an accelerator to support investments USD 1bn-plus in navigating regulatory processes, to reduce regulatory burdens, and increase access to and use of natural resources

N/A

May facilitate large-scale investments focused on the extraction of natural resources while reducing regulations which may include environmentally-focused regulations

Reducing regulations may lead to a reduction of social protections for communities impacted by natural resource use

Creates volatility tied to environmental sustainability topics, but we see limited near-term risks.

Pertains to Power and resources investment theme

3/31/2025

14254

Socio-cultural

Combating Unfair Practices in the Live Entertainment Market

Encourages the AG and Federal Trade Commission to address price transparency in ticketing for live events, enforce existing laws aligned with this and further prevent anti-competitive conduct and price gouging in the secondary ticketing market

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

3/27/2025

14253

Socio-cultural

Restoring Truth and Sanity to American History

Establishes that further appropriations to the Smithsonian Institution remove any content that is considered as “improper ideology”, including any content which is perceived as being divisive by the administration and Congress. 

N/A

None

Seeks to further erase acknowledgements of historical actions in America's past, eliminate visibility of transpersons

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

3/27/2025

14252

Immigration

Making the District of Columbia Safe and Beautiful

Develops a task force with Cabinet members and other senior officials to enforce federal immigration law, monitor DC's sanctuary-city status, minimize fare evasion, have a greater law enforcement presence in key areas, and work with the DC police department to these ends

N/A

None

Potential local impact, depending on implementation approach

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

3/27/2025

14251

Government

Exclusions From Federal Labor-Management Relations Programs

Removes collective bargaining rights for workers in over 30 federal agencies involved in national security, international affairs, public safety. This order does not impact law enforcement. 

Lawsuit filed by employee unions and AFL-CIO citing unlawfulness and violation of First Amendment rights

None

Reduces collective bargaining rights for a subset of federal workers

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

3/27/2025

14250

Socio-cultural

Addressing Risks from WilmerHale

Suspends active security clearance to individuals at private law firm WilmerHale and seeks to terminate any federal funding or services to WilmerHale based on claims or race-based and sex-based discrimination in the firm's internal processes. 

N/A

None

Likely to further discourage private companies from adopting policies focused on diversity and inclusion, including approaches not explicitly named as such

Potential incremental risk to investors focused on diversity and equality, as challenges introduced for US corporate diversity reporting and transparency

3/26/2025

N/A

Socio-cultural

Executive Grant of Clemency for Devon Archer

Pardons a former business partner of Hunter Biden who was convicted of participating in a conspiracy to defraud a Native American tribe. 

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

3/26/2025

10908

International Affairs

Adjusting Imports of Automobiles and Automobile Parts Into the United States*

Imposes a 25% tariff on imported automobiles and automobile parts; implies some adaptation for automobiles which qualify for preferential tariff treatment under the USMCA. *This is a proclamation versus an executive order but still holds significance and is thus included in this tracker

N/A

Theoretically, lower trade and on-shoring of supply chains might reduce carbon emissions, but this impact is highly uncertain at this moment

Tariffs may lead to price increases on consumer goods, negatively impacting lower income families and small businesses the most

Potential price increases to consumer goods and industry supply chains; See latest CIO research on the impact of tariffs

3/25/2025

14249

Government

Protecting America's Bank Account Against Fraud, Waste, and Abuse

Encourages agencies to provide more information to the Department of Treasury to track and validate transactions as well as encourages the consolidation of core financial systems used by agencies to help streamline payments

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

3/25/2025

14248

Government

Preserving and Protecting the Integrity of America's Elections

Requires documented proof of citizenship to register to vote

Lawsuit filed by Democratic National Convention alleging an overreach of power

None

Non-partisan group Brennan Center for Justice states it might disenfranchise US citizens who do not readily have passports (50% of US citizens), military or overseas voters, people whose names do not match birth certificates due to marriage, etc. 

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

3/25/2025

14247

Government

Modernizing Payments To and From America's Bank Account

Begins the process of digitizing payments to and from the US General Fund to reduce opportunities for paper checks to be lost or stolen

N/A

Fewer physical items will be sent by mail which leads to reduced emissions

May make it difficult for those who are unable to use mobile services for banking

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

3/25/2025

14246

Socio-cultural

Addressing Risks from Jenner & Block

Suspends active security clearance to individuals at private law firm Jenner & Block and seeks to terminate any federal funding or services to Jenner & Block based on claims or race-based and sex-based discrimination in the firm's internal processes. 

Jenner & Block was granted a temporary restraining order on March 28th

None

Likely to further discourage private companies from adopting policies focused on diversity and inclusion, including approaches not explicitly named as such

Potential incremental risk to investors focused on diversity and equality, as challenges introduced for US corporate diversity reporting and transparency

3/24/2025

14245

International Affairs

Imposing Tariffs on Countries Importing Venezuela's Oil

Imposes a tariff of 25% on all goods imported into the United States from any country that imports Venezuelan oil, directly or indirectly; expires 1 year after the last date on which Venezuelan oil was imported

N/A

If this results in lower oil production from Venezuela, its emissions might decrease; this is however a very minimal potential change

Tariffs may lead to price increases on consumer goods, negatively impacting lower income families and small businesses the most

Potential price increases to consumer goods and industry supply chains; See latest CIO research on the impact of tariffs

3/21/2025

14244

Socio-cultural

Addressing Remedial Action by Paul Weiss

Revokes the prior executive order related to Paul Weiss based on the firm's newly adopted policies toward political neutrality when it comes to client selection, USD 40mn in pro-bono services related to veterans and anti-Semitism, and a commitment to merit-based hiring

N/A

None

Sets a precedent of adhering to efforts to reduce or eliminate diversity, equity, or inclusion programs

Limited investment implications in the short term but may impact transparency from private companies in the longer term as well 

3/20/2025

14243

Government

Stopping Waste, Fraud, and Abuse by Eliminating Information Silos

Encourages agency heads to remove barriers for federal officials to access government data, including access to unemployment data and related payment records

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

3/20/2025

14242

Education

Improving Education Outcomes by Empowering Parents, States, and Communities

Calls for the closure of the Department of Education and the relocation of student loans to another entity

Multiple lawsuits have been filed

None

The Department of Education provides resources and support for students with special needs which not all states have the resources to do and which private institutions are not required to do.

Given limited expected impacts to student loans, we see limited investment implications in the short or long term

3/20/2025

14241

Energy & the Environment

Immediate Measures To Increase American Mineral Production

Seeks to identify opportunities for and support mineral production domestically; guides the Development Finance Corporation (DFC) to finance domestic mining projects

N/A

May lead to more domestic mining to support local mineral production, creating local pollution risk, but potential positive impact on accelerating domestic energy transition

Possible negative impact on Native American communities whose lands may be in mineral-rich areas

May lead to increased production of minerals domestically which may influence commodity prices; if successful, might be positive for clean energy technologies needing these minerals

3/20/2025

14240

Government

Eliminating Waste and Saving Taxpayer Dollars by Consolidating Procurement

Consolidates federal procurement in the General Services Administration

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

3/18/2025

14239

Government

Achieving Efficiency Through State and Local Preparedness

Seeks to shift preparedness to states and local governments to better plan and address needs of citizens. This order includes the development and implementation of a National Resilience Strategy and revision of other policies and FEMA over the next 6-8 months.

N/A

May allow for a quicker response to environmental disasters if states are more responsive, but this is unclear and may vary based on each state's capacity

May allow for a quicker response to environmental disasters, but this is unclear

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

3/14/2025

14238

Government

Continuing the Reduction of the Federal Bureaucracy

Continues the reduction of the federal workforce and seeks to reduce the following entities to the maximum extent allowed by law:
- Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service
- United States Agency for Global Media
- Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in the Smithsonian Institution
- Institute of Museum and Library Services
- United States Interagency Council on Homelessness
- Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFI) Fund
- Minority Business Development Agency

Responses from Secretary of the Treasury suggest the Community Development Financial Institutions Fund will not experience disruptions.

Several lawsuits related to reducing functions of US Agency for Global Media. One brought by Voice or America and Reporters without Borders received a temporary restraining order for the plaintiffs. Others have been settled. Additional lawsuits from library and museum associations.

None

The Community Development Financial Institutions Fund provides financial services to communities which have more limited access to traditional banking, the US Interagency Council on Homelessness creates a federal response to homelessness connecting government and private sector

Given limited expected impacts to the CDFI Fund, we see limited investment implications in the short term

3/14/2025

14237

Socio-cultural

Addressing Risks from Paul Weiss

Suspends active security clearance to individuals at private law firm Paul Weiss and seeks to terminate any federal funding or services to Paul Weiss based on claims or race-based and sex-based discrimination in the firm's internal processes. 

 

None

Likely to further discourage private companies from adopting policies focused on diversity and inclusion, including approaches not explicitly named as such. 

Potential incremental risk to investors focused on diversity and equality, as challenges introduced for US corporate diversity reporting and transparency

3/14/2025

14236

Government/Socio-cultural

Additional Rescissions of Harmful Executive Orders and Actions

Revokes additional orders and actions including those related to solar photovoltaic modules and components, investing in biotechnology and biomanufacturing R&D and capacity building including sustainable biomass production for US agricultural producers, improving processes to access federal funding for tribal nations, a memorandum for the US Conventional Arms Transfer policy, and others

N/A

Some of the actions revoked are related to domestic production of solar photovoltaic modules and their components which would support domestic renewable energy infrastructure 

Some of the actions revoked (Pres. Memo of 4 February 2021) supported human rights of LGBTQI+ persons around the world or increased the minimum wage for federal contractors

Unclear investment implications in the short or long term

3/7/2025

14235

Government

Restoring Public Service Loan Forgiveness

Proposes revisions to the Public Service Loan Forgiveness program to exclude organizations supporting health care for transgender youth and certain support for undocumented immigrants, and other non-profits/organizations engaging in "illegal" discrimination or supporting trespassing, disorderly conduct, and obstruction of highways. 

N/A

None

May discourage some people from working in these organizations which can provide social services

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

3/7/2025

14234

Socio-cultural

Establishing The White House Task Force on the FIFA World Cup 2026

Establishes a taskforce to prepare for the FIFA World Cup 2026 in which the President and Vice President are Chair and Vice Chair, respectively. An executive director will be appointed by the Chair. 

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

3/6/2025

14233

Government/Economy

Establishment of the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and United States Digital Asset Stockpile

Develops a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and a US Digital Asset Stockpile to be managed by the Treasury Department.

N/A

None

None

May lead to increased demand for stablecoins

3/6/2025

14232

International Affairs

Amendment to Duties To Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Southern Border

Reduces tariffs on potash from Mexico to 10% from 25%

N/A

Ensures tariffs will have a lesser effect on potash, a key ingredient in fertilizers. This will reduce impacts to farming and the domestic food supply

Will reduce potential price increases in domestic food production due to tariffs

Slight relief from potential price increases to consumer goods and industry supply chains; See latest CIO research on the impact of tariffs

3/6/2025

14231

International Affairs

Amendment to Duties To Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border

Reduces tariffs on potash from Canada to 10% from 25%

N/A

Ensures tariffs will have a lesser effect on potash, a key ingredient in fertilizers. This will reduce impacts on farming and the domestic food supply

Will reduce potential price increases in domestic food production due to tariffs

Slight relief from potential price increases to consumer goods and industry supply chains; See latest CIO research on the impact of tariffs

3/6/2025

14230

Government

Addressing Risks from Perkins Coie LLP

Suspends active security clearance to individuals at private law firm Perkins Coie and seeks to terminate any federal funding or services to Perkins Coie based on claims or race-based and sex-based discrimination in the firm's internal processes.

Guides the AG and Chair of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission to review if hiring, promotion and other practices by industry leading law firms are based on discrimination.

Law school students have filed a lawsuit challenging the EEOC sending letters to 20 law firms regarding DEI-related hiring practices of law firms.

Request was granted for temporary restraining order from Perkins Coie to block Sections 1, 3, and 5 of the EO. A temporary restraining order was not requested for Section 2 (Security clearances) and Section 4 (Racial discriminations). 

None

Likely to further discourage private companies from adopting policies focused on diversity and inclusion, including approaches not explicitly named as such. 

Potential incremental risk to investors focused on diversity and equality, as challenges introduced for US corporate diversity reporting and transparency

3/4/2025

14229

Socio-cultural

Honoring Jocelyn Nungaray

Renames the Anahuac National Wildlife Refuge to the Jocelyn Nungaray Wildlife Refuge in honor of Jocelyn Nungaray who was allegedly killed by two undocumented persons.

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

3/3/2025

14228

International Affairs

Further Amendment to Duties Addressing the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People's Republic of China

Increased previous tariffs on China, as detailed in EO 14195, to +20% from +10%.

N/A

It is possible there may be environmental concerns which arise due to additional tariffs, including increasing the cost of items related to renewable energy development and infrastructure

Tariffs are likely to increase prices of goods in the US, with the highest impact on lower income families and small businesses.  Reducing the entrance of drugs into the country also would also have positive social outcomes.

Potential price increases to consumer goods and industry supply chains

3/2/2025

14227

International Affairs

Amendment to Duties To Address the Situation at Our Southern Border

De minimis (below USD 800 in import value) exclusions from Mexico permitted; allows tariffs from previous executive orders to take place

N/A

Theoretically, lower trade and on-shoring of supply chains might reduce carbon emissions, but this impact is highly uncertain at this moment

Tariffs are likely to increase prices of goods in the US, with the highest impact on lower income families and small businesses.  Reducing the entrance of drugs into the country also has positive social outcomes.

Potential price increases to consumer goods and industry supply chains; See latest CIO research on the impact of tariffs

3/2/2025

14226

International Affairs

Amendment to Duties To Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border

De minimis (below USD 800 in import value) exclusions from Canada permitted; allows tariffs from previous executive orders to take place

N/A

If tariffs limit renewable energy development or causes the US to source products from more distant locations, this could be a negative for emissions. However, there may be lower emissions overall if this leads to more goods produced in the US.

Tariffs are likely to increase prices of goods in the US, with the highest impact on lower income families and small businesses.  Reducing the entrance of drugs into the country also has positive social outcomes.

Potential price increases to consumer goods and industry supply chains; See latest CIO research on the impact of tariffs

3/1/2025

14225

Economy

Immediate Expansion of American Timber Production

Seeks to develop guidance to increase timber production in the states, including calling for agencies to reduce delays related to permitting and consultations with the Endangered Species Committee to identify related obstacles towards domestic timber production, and engagement with Native American groups under the Tribal Forest Protection Act.

N/A

Would encourage deforestation domestically and approach may lead to bypassing permitting or regulation that protects the environment and biodiversity

Could lead to increased pressure on Native American groups to use their forest land for timber

Could be positive for timber, construction, and manufacturing companies with a large exposure to domestic raw materials

3/1/2025

14224

Socio-cultural

Designating English as the Official Language of the United States

Designates English as the only official language of the United States and repeals an earlier executive order to support accessibility services to people with limited English language capabilities.

N/A

None

Limits access to accessibility and translation services for people with limited English capabilities which may limit ability to access social or other services

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

3/1/2025

14223

International Affairs

Addressing the Threat to National Security From Imports of Timber, Lumber, and Their Derivative Products

Instructs Secretary of Commerce to assess impacts of imported timber and US capacity to meet national demand.

N/A

Likely to encourage more deforestation domestically and may lead to tariffs on foreign imports

None

Limited investment implications in the short term; outcomes of assessment may lead to some volatility in construction and manufacturing industry supply chains in the medium to long term

2/26/2025

14222

Government

Implementing the President's "Department of Government Efficiency" Cost Efficiency Initiative

Asks agencies to record all payments issued by the agency and provide a justification which will be reviewed and advised upon by employees from the "Department of Government Efficiency".

Non-profits who have been impacted by frozen funds from the EPA have filed lawsuits related to the EO.

Cost-cutting measures may reduce capacity to enforce or develop for environmental protections or regulations

Cost-cutting measures may reduce capacity to enforce or develop for social protections or regulations

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

2/25/2025

14221

Socio-cultural

Making America Healthy Again by Empowering Patients With Clear, Accurate, and Actionable Healthcare Pricing Information

Seeks to enforce healthcare price transparency regulation based an executive order from the first Trump administration.

N/A

None

May increase price transparency at hospitals and in health plans 

Could have positive implications for healthcare providers in the sustainable universe with a view towards affordability; Will depend on implementation

2/25/2025

14220

International Affairs

Addressing the Threat to National Security From Imports of Copper

Instructs Secretary of Commerce to assess impacts of imported copper and US capacity to meet national demand.

N/A

Assessment of copper supply could encourage domestic mining and production

None

Increased domestic production of copper may simplify technology supply chains with manufacturing capabilities in the US

2/19/2025

14219

Government

Ensuring Lawful Governance and Implementing The President's "Department of Government Efficiency" Deregulatory Initiative

Calls for agency heads to identify unconstitutional, unlawful, or costly regulations or those that harm national interest for the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA) within the Office of Management and Budget to be eliminated. Notes all agency heads should consult with DOGE Team Leads or OIRA on potential new regulations.

Lawsuits have been filed alleging DOGE has violated Administrative Procedures Act and other legal clauses and acts; Seeks injunction

May include environmental regulations

May include regulations related to social issues

Uncertain investment implications in the short term; over the long term, there are mixed implications. Fewer regulations are likely to reduce costs, but this may have negative implications on emissions reductions or safety. Can provide an opportunity for companies to differentiate with more advanced policies

2/19/2025

14218

Immigration

Ending Taxpayer Subsidization of Open Borders

Calls for agencies to ensure federally funded programs do not provide cash or non-cash public benefit to undocumented persons and federal funds to states and localities do not subsidize or promote illegal immigration or sanctuary policies. 

N/A

None

May reduce funding to states and localities, having knock on effects on their ability to provide social services and meet other obligations

Limited investment implications in the short term, but could have longer term negative implications on municipal bonds from states and localities impacted by this EO

2/19/2025

14217

Government

Commencing the Reduction of the Federal Bureaucracy

Reduces the following government entities to as minimal a presence as required by law:
1) The Presidio Trust; 2) The Inter-American Foundation; 3) The United States African Development Foundation (USADF); 4) The United States Institute of Peace

Revokes a Presidential Memorandum from 13 November 1961 (Need for Greater Coordination of Regional and Field Activities of the Government);

Eliminates the Presidential Management Fellows Program and encourages the following Federal Advisory Committees to take the following actions:

1) the Administrator of USAID shall terminate the Advisory Committee on Voluntary Foreign Aid
2) the Director of the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection shall terminate the Academic Research Council and the Credit Union Advisory Council
3) the Board of Directors of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation shall terminate the Community Bank Advisory Council
4) The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall terminate the Secretary's Advisory Committee on Long COVID, and
5) the Administrator of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services shall terminate the Health Equity Advisory Committee.

Lawsuit filed against closing US Institute of Peace. On Mar 19, the Court denied Plaintiff's motion for a temporary restraining order.


On Mar 6, judge issues stay saying employee cannot be removed from office and Marocco can not be appointed to the Board. Lawsuits allege appointment of Peter Marocco as acting Chair of Board of USADF is unlawful; USADF employee suing for unlawful termination

Funding for the US African Development Foundation supported off-grid and renewable energy use in various African countries

Some of the agencies reduced support economic development and peace initiatives or address consumer protections and health initiatives or inequities

Limited investment implications in the short term

2/18/2025

14216

Socio-cultural

Expanding Access to In Vitro Fertilization

Calls for the Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy to submit a list of policy recommendations to protect IVF access and reduce out-of-pocket and health plan costs for IVF treatment.

N/A

None

Reduced cost of IVF treatments could lead to more use, having positive social impact for all including LGBTQ+ families. 

Limited investment implications in the short or long term, however, improved regulation and access to IVF might benefit investors focused on healthcare and fertility

2/18/2025

14215

Government

Ensuring Accountability for All Agencies

Allows for presidential supervision of all executive departments and agencies, including independent agencies. Establishes executive branch oversight on all independent government agencies, requiring review of all legal interpretations to be in alignment with the President and Attorney General. This will be reviewed by the Director of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB).

Agencies include, but are not limited to, the Federal Election Commission. This order does not apply to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or to the Federal Open Market Committee in its conduct of monetary policy. 

Three national committees of the Democratic Party allege this executive order violates the Federal Election Campaign Act (FECA). They seek judgment the FECA is constitutional and the EO is unlawful as applied to the FEC; Seeking injunctive relief; Another lawsuit alleges administration is violating Privacy Act by unlawfully disseminating protected information; Seeking judgement and monetary damages.

Likely includes managing regulations from the Environmental Protection Agency and other environmental and energy-related agencies

Likely includes managing regulations related to social issues

Uncertain implications in the short term; but over the longer term, this could have mixed implications for regulations as well as emissions reductions or safety.  Can provide an opportunity for companies to differentiate with more advanced policies

2/14/2025

14214

Education

Keeping Education Accessible and Ending COVID-19 Vaccine Mandates in Schools

Notes federal funds should not be indirectly or directly used to support educational programs which require students to have received a COVID-19 vaccine to attend in-person.

N/A

None

May increase access to education for previously excluded students and might result in increased instances of COVID-19

Limited implications in the short or long term

2/14/2025

14213

Energy & the Environment

Establishing the National Energy Dominance Council

Develops a council which will provide a National Energy Dominance Strategy to enhance private sector investments while reducing regulation and to support energy production in the United States.

N/A

Supports investments and deregulation related to the production of energy sources including natural gas, fossil fuels, coal, and hydropower, uranium and other fuels

None

Creates volatility tied to environmental sustainability topics, but we see limited near-term risks. See “What do Trump’s executive orders mean for climate?” (24 January 2025) for more.

Pertains to the Energy Transitions LTI 

2/13/2025

14212

Socio-cultural

Establishing the President's Make America Healthy Again Commission

Develops a commission to support health research targeting chronic diseases, expand flexibility of health insurance coverage to support lifestyle changes and disease prevention, and work with farmers to make domestic food production healthy, abundant and affordable, with a particular interest toward addressing chronic diseases in children, such as autism and ADHD.

N/A

Supporting farmers to make domestic food production healthy, abundant, and affordable could lead to changes in the food system which could have both positive and negative environmental impacts

Seeks to address chronic lifestyle diseases, including those in children; associated funding may shift to chronic diseases from infectious diseases

Could have positive implications for healthcare and food and agriculture providers within the sustainability universe

2/12/2025

14211

International Affairs

One Voice for America's Foreign Relations

Ensures all foreign policy professionals implement the policies of the President.

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term at the portfolio level

Potential longer term implications for international relations, including trade and development 

2/11/2025

14210

Government

Implementing the President's "Department of Government Efficiency" Workforce Optimization Initiative

Requests a plan from the Director of the Office of Management and Budget to reduce the size of the federal workforce by requiring each agency to hire no more than one employee for every four that depart and other actions to reduce the workforce.

Lawsuits have been filed saying government layoffs in the manner they have been conducted are illegal, especially those related to probationary workers. Judge ruled layoffs of probationary workers is "unlawful" and should be "rescinded."

Government agencies impacted by layoffs include: Department of Defense, IRS, Dept of the Interior, EPA, Veterans Affairs, HUD, USDA, Dept of Energy, Federal Aviation Administration, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, as well as others. Plans are in development for further layoffs in these and other departments. Judge halted dismantling of CFPB, for firing of two government watchdog officials the case has been dismissed.

Will lead to lower headcount in certain organizations which can reduce effectiveness and their ability to enforce regulations or provide supportive capabilities

Will lead to lower headcount in certain organizations which can reduce effectiveness and their ability to enforce regulations or provide supportive capabilities

Limited investment implications in the short term

2/10/2025

14209

International Affairs

Pausing Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Enforcement To Further American Economic and National Security

Guides the Attorney General to stop all new investigations or enforcement actions related to the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and review in detail all existing investigations or enforcement actions over the next six months.

N/A

None

None

Potential incremental risk to investors considering governance. Weakening of the US enforcement framework under FCPA might lower the overall standard for US-domiciled companies, and creates space for companies with strong policies to differentiate themselves. 

2/10/2025

14208

Government

Ending Procurement and Forced Use of Paper Straws

Demands all executive departments and agencies eliminate the purchase of paper straws and ensure they are no longer provided; within 45 days, the order calls for the Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy to issue a National Strategy to end the use of paper straws.

N/A

Reverses signals on single plastic use consumption

None

Limited investment implications in the short term or long term; may begin a broader return to certain single-use plastics

2/10/2025

14207

Government

Eliminating the Federal Executive Institute

Eliminates the Federal Executive Institute, created by Lyndon B. Johnson in 1968, which was designed to provide leadership training to government employees.

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short term or long term

2/7/2025

14206

Government

Protecting Second Amendment Rights

Demands the Attorney General to review actions of the executive branch which may infringe upon the Second Amendments and present solutions to address infringements

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short term; in the long term, potential incremental risk for investors if certain companies increase exposure to firearm revenue

2/7/2025

14205

Government/Socio-cultural

Establishment of the White House Faith Office

Changes the name of the office from "White House Office of Faith-Based and Community Initiatives" to "White House Faith Office", and seeks to empower faith-based entities while consulting experts from various faith communities on efforts to protect women and children, defending religious liberty, combatting anti-Semitic, anti-Christian, and additional forms of anti-religious bias, as well as other themes.

N/A

None

Aims to ensure all faiths are equally engaged and represented in efforts led  by the White House

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

2/7/2025

14204

International Affairs

Addressing Egregious Actions of the Republic of South Africa

Withdraws aid or assistance to South Africa and promotes the resettlement of Afrikaner refugees based on South African government policies related to property confiscation, accusing Israel of genocide in the International Court of Justice, and restarting relations with Iran.

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

2/6/2025

14203

International Affairs

Imposing Sanctions on the International Criminal Court

Imposes sanctions on the International Criminal Court and expects US allies to oppose any ICC actions against the United States, Israel, or any other ally of the United States that has not consented to ICC jurisdiction.

Two U. S. human rights advocates who have advised and supported the International Criminal Court (ICC) are challenging an Executive Order (EO) imposing sanctions on the ICC, claiming that the sanctions violate their First Amendment rights to provide legal advice and evidence to the ICC.

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

2/6/2025

14202

Socio-cultural

Eradicating Anti-Christian Bias

Establishes a task force to "eradicate anti-Christian bias" which will review unlawful anti-Christian policies and practices by federal agencies and provide recommendations within 120 days

N/A

None

Seeks to preserve religious freedom of Christians in the US.

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

2/5/2025

14201

Socio-cultural/Education

Keeping Men Out of Women's Sports

Bars federal funding from educational programs that allow transgender women and girls to participate in female sports. Directs the Attorney General to “prioritize Title IX enforcement actions” against educational institutions that allow for such participation or allow transgender women in changing areas. Withdraws the US from international sports programs with transgender women’s participation, and directs the Secretaries of State and Homeland Security to work to prohibit transgender female athletes from entering the country. Instructs the Secretary of State to “use all appropriate and available measures” to ensure the International Olympic Committee adjusts its standards on participation in women’s sports.

N/A

None

Limits the inclusivity of transgender athletes domestically and globally

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

2/5/2025

14200

International Affairs

Amendment to Duties Addressing the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People's Republic of China

Amends EO 14195 to allow for duty-free de minimis treatment for otherwise eligible covered articles from the People's Republic of China, but will not be available once there is an adequate system to collect tariff revenue applicable from EO 14195.

N/A

None

None

Could lead to temporary lower price increases on applicable goods until mechanism to collect suggested tariffs; See latest CIO research on the impact of tariffs

2/4/2025

14199

International Affairs

Withdrawing the United States from and Ending Funding to Certain United Nations Organizations and Reviewing United States Support to All International Organizations

Directs the Secretary of State to conduct a review in 180 days of all international intergovernmental organizations of which the US is a member to determine further participation.

Withdraws US participation in the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC), seeks to evaluate US membership in UN Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), withdraws funding for UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA).

N/A

None

The named organizations of the United Nations provide humanitarian support, cultural preservation, and scientific research, which support communities in need and provide protection to cultural sites. The US contributes meaningfully to other international intergovernmental organizations provide vital funding and support to various social causes around the world.

Limited investment implications in the short term. If the US fully withdraws from international organizations such as the World Bank, we see slight negatives to multilateral development bank (MDB) bonds ratings, however, we think this is less likely and believe the strong standalone credit profile will limit potential downgrades.

See CIO commentary on MDBs and the Trump administration.

2/3/2025

14198

International Affairs

Progress on the Situation at Our Southern Border

Pauses tariffs on Mexico until 4 March.

N/A

None

The pause on tariffs is one factor that may contribute to prices not rising higher.

Reverses potential price increases to consumer goods and industry; See latest CIO research on the impact of tariffs

2/3/2025

14197

International Affairs

Progress on the Situation at Our Northern Border

Pauses tariffs on Canada until March 4.

N/A

None

The pause on tariffs is one factor that may contribute to prices not rising higher.

Reverses potential price increases to consumer goods and industry; See latest CIO research on the impact of tariffs

2/3/2025

14196

Economy

A Plan for Establishing A United States Sovereign Wealth Fund

Calls for a plan to create an American sovereign wealth fund that aims to "promote fiscal sustainability, lessen the burden of taxes on American families and small businesses, establish economic security for future generations, and promote United States economic and strategic leadership internationally."

N/A

None

The stated goal of economic security has positive social benefits

Aligns with the following investment themes - More to go in stocks; Seize the AI opportunity; Invest in power and resources

2/1/2025

14195

International Affairs

Imposing Duties to Address the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People's Republic of China

Places a 10% tariff on goods imported from China due to  fentanyl trafficking.

This order was counteracted by a later order pausing the tariffs.

It is possible there may be environmental concerns which arise due to additional tariffs, including increasing the cost of items related to renewable energy development and infrastructure

Tariffs are likely to increase prices of goods in the US, with the highest impact on lower income families and small businesses.  Reducing the entrance of drugs into the country also would also have positive social outcomes.

Potential price increases to consumer goods and industry supply chains; See latest CIO research on the impact of tariffs

2/1/2025

14194

International Affairs

Imposing Duties to Address the Situation at Our Southern Border

Places 25%  tariffs on goods imported from Mexico, with the rationale of  limiting the flow of undocumented migrants and drug trafficking. 

N/A

It is possible there may be environmental concerns which arise due to tariffs

Tariffs are likely to increase prices of goods in the US, with the highest impact on lower income families and small businesses.  Reducing the entrance of drugs into the country also has positive social outcomes.

Potential price increases to consumer goods and industry supply chains; See latest CIO research on the impact of tariffs

2/1/2025

14193

International Affairs

Imposing Duties to Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border

Places 25% tariffs on goods imported from Canada, with a lower 10% tariff on energy imports, with the rationale of stopping the flow of fentanyl, as well as human trafficking and undocumented immigration. 

This order was counteracted by a later order pausing the tariffs.

If tariffs limit renewable energy development or causes the US to source products from more distant locations, this could be a negative for emissions. However, there may be lower emissions overall if this leads to more goods produced in the U.S.

Tariffs are likely to increase prices of goods in the US, with the highest impact on lower income families and small businesses. Reducing the entrance of drugs into the country also has positive social outcomes.

Potential price increases to consumer goods and industry supply chains; See latest CIO research on the impact of tariffs

1/31/2025

14192

Government

Unleashing Prosperity Through Deregulation

Requires federal agencies to identify 10 potential regulations to be eliminated for each new regulation proposed. Calls for the cost of all new regulations to be at or below zero for the 2025 fiscal year. 

N/A

Regulations scheduled to be overturned may be related to environmental concerns

Regulations scheduled to be overturned may be related to social concerns

Uncertain investment implications in the short term; over the long term, there are mixed implications. Fewer regulations are likely to reduce costs, but this may have negative implications on emissions reductions or safety.  Can provide an opportunity for companies to differentiate with more advanced policies

1/29/2025

14191

Education

Expanding Educational Freedom and Opportunity for Families

Directs the Department of Education to prioritize school choice programs through its discretionary grants, in addition to issuing guidance to states about federal allocations to districts and schools.

N/A

None

Encourages states to explore choice programs which include private and faith-based schools. These schools are not required to accept all students and are not mandated to have special education programs. Choice grants may not cover full costs of attending a non-public school, while reducing financial capacity and quality of public schools, leading to more challenging educational outcomes. Additional funding to families may support the cost of homeschooling or other non-traditional educational options.

Opportunities for edtech to supplement and provide learning outside of the traditional school system

1/29/2025

14190

Socio-cultural

Ending Radical Indoctrination in K-12 Schooling

Instructs Cabinet heads to develop a strategy within 90 days to eliminate federal funds from being used for supporting gender ideology (deviation from biological sex as a determinant of gender) and discriminatory equity ideology (including acknowledging historical discrimination and teaching concepts such as white privilege and unconscious bias).  Re-establishes the 1776 Commission within the Education Department, focused on “patriotic education.”

N/A

None

Prohibits schools receiving federal funding from acknowledging a child's gender identity that does not align with the gender aligned with their sex at birth and teaching history acknowledging racial, gender, or other forms of discrimination. 

Uncertain investment implications in the short term

1/29/2025

14189

Socio-cultural

Celebrating America's 250th Birthday

The order creates a White House Task Force on Celebrating America's 250th Birthday, ahead of 4 July 2026. The responsibility of this task force lies within the Department of Defense.

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

1/29/2025

14188

Socio-cultural

Additional Measures To Combat Anti-Semitism

Directs the government to use "all available and appropriate legal tools" to push back against antisemitic "harassment and violence," calls for a report from every agency within 60 days on all authorities that can be used to fight anti-Semitism, and orders a list of claims of antisemitism at schools since the 7 October  2023 Hamas attack in Israel. Asks the State, Homeland Security and Education departments to help issue recommendations for "familiarizing institutions" with the rules that foreign students who express support for terrorist activity can be deported.

$400M of federal funding to Columbia University had been canceled, and a lawsuit has been filed to declare this unlawful. $2.2B of federal funding to Harvard University has been cancelled, and a subsequent lawsuit has been  filed. President has challenged Harvard's ability to accept international students against which Harvard filed a temporary restraining order to pause implementation. The TRO was granted.

None

Links anti-Semitism to anti-Israel content, equating Jewish identity with Israeli identity.

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

1/28/2025

14187

Socio-cultural

Protecting Children From Chemical and Surgical Mutilation

States federal funds should not be used for gender-affirming medical care for minors. Instructs federal agencies to ensure hospitals and medical schools receiving federal research and education grants stop gender-affirming care. Directs agencies to “rescind or amend” policies which rely on guidance from the World Professional Association for Transgender Health. Bars federal employee health insurance plans from covering gender-affirming care for minors, including surgeries and hormone treatments.

Lawsuit suggesting the EO consists of unconstitutional presidential action, discrimination on the basis of sex and disability; also suggests it violates the Fifth Amendment's equal protection and substantive due process guarantees. Plaintiffs have filed for preliminary injunction against enforcement of EO

None

Limits access to gender-affirming care for trans-youth

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

1/27/2025

14186

Defense and National Security

The Iron Dome for America

Calls for an “Iron Dome for America.” This order gives the defense secretary 60 days to submit a plan for a “next-generation missile defense shield.” The shield is expected to include capabilities in space to detect, track and intercept missiles and stop a missile before it is launched.

This Iron Dome is distinct from Israel's Iron Dome which is a short-range missile defense system.

None

None

Uncertain investment implications in the short or long term

1/27/2025

14185

Defense and National Security

Restoring America's Fighting Force

Instructs the Secretaries of Defense and Homeland Security to abolish all diversity, equity and inclusion offices in their departments and end all DEI initiatives and programs. The order also bars any educational institutions that the Defense Department and armed forces oversee from “promoting, advancing, or otherwise inculcating the following un-American, divisive, discriminatory, radical, extremist, and irrational theories.”

Has led to the removal of historical documentation noting the achievements of diverse armed force personnel

None

Eliminates diversity, equity, and inclusion programs in the armed forces

Uncertain investment implications in the short or long term

1/27/2025

14184

Defense and National Security

Reinstating Service Members Discharged Under the Military's COVID-19 Vaccination Mandate

Allows service members discharged from the military for not receiving the coronavirus vaccine to be reinstated and “revert[ed] to their former rank and receive full back pay, benefits, bonus payments, or compensation." Also allows those who left the military voluntarily rather than getting vaccinated to be reinstated “with no impact on their service status, rank, or pay.”

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

1/27/2025

14183

Defense and National Security

Prioritizing Military Excellence and Readiness

Bars transgender people from serving in the military by rescinding an executive order from the previous administration that allowed transgender people to enlist and allowed enlisted transgender service members to receive coverage for transition-related medical care. Prohibits the use of pronouns in the Defense Department and bars transgender women from female facilities for sleeping, changing or bathing, and transgender men from such male facilities.

On Mar. 24, two transgender Air Force service members received a 14 day temporary restraining order. Other lawsuit argues categorical exclusion of transgender people from military service violates equal protection under the Fifth Amendment's Due Process Clause because policy is arbitrary and lacks a legitimate government interest.

None

Limits inclusion of transgender people in the military

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

1/24/2025

14182

Socio-cultural

Enforcing the Hyde Amendment

Revokes two of the previous administration's executive orders on abortion access, which sought to ensure safety at clinics and pharmacies, established an Interagency Task Force on Reproductive Healthcare Access, assisted states with legal protections for out-of-state patients, explored access to services through Medicaid, and called for improvements on research and data collection on reproductive health access.

N/A

None

Limits access to reproductive health care 

Limited investment implications in the short term; over the long term, additional research may have positive implications for the healthcare sector

1/24/2025

14181

Government

Emergency Measures To Provide Water Resources in California and Improve Disaster Response in Certain Areas

Seeks to provide more water to California to combat wildfires by circumventing federal and state laws dealing with California's water system. Instructs Cabinet heads to "override existing activities" limiting water deliveries and take measures including direct assistance, loans, and other means, to repair roads and bridges impacted by Hurricanes in North Carolina.

N/A

Water released as a result of this executive order stopped in the Central Valley and did not reach Los Angeles. This action likely has a negative impact on agricultural land in the Central Valley and nearby areas in the short term and also in the long term as reserved water is no longer available for use.  

None

Limited investment implications broadly; impacts likely more closely related to California-based industries and connected supply chains

1/24/2025

14180

Government

Council To Assess the Federal Emergency Management Agency

Establishes the Federal Emergency Management Agency Review Council to recommend changes to FEMA, led by the Secretaries of Defense and Homeland Security. The council must produce a report within six months detailing FEMA's disaster response during the prior administration and evaluate whether FEMA can serve as a supportive agency to states, rather than lead agency on disaster response.

N/A

Reconsiders the position of FEMA which could lead to less funding. The agency helps communities prepare for disasters through research and mapping tools In addition to providing disaster response. 

Reduces federal response to natural disasters and puts more responsibility on states which have varying levels of capacity to provide support following disasters

Uncertain investment implications in the short term; may have more negative regional implications longer term if natural disaster impacts exceed state's capacity and FEMA support is limited

1/22/2025

14175

Defense and National Security

Designation of Ansar Allah as a Foreign Terrorist Organization

Designates Ansar Allah, also known as the Houthis, as a Foreign Terrorist Organization ("FTO"). This designation has higher restrictions and criminal penalties for financial and other ties to the group than the Specially Designated Global Terrorist ("SDGT") classification the group received during the prior administration. In the first Trump administration, the group was also designated as a FTO. 

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

1/21/2025

14174

Government

Revocation of Certain Executive Orders

Revokes the previous administration's executive orders which required federal employees to receive the coronavirus vaccine and federal contractors to “provide adequate COVID-19 safeguards.”

N/A

None

Increases prevalence of non-vaccinated individuals working in federal government which could lead to adverse health outcomes; does not promote vaccine use

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

1/21/2025

14173

Government

Ending Illegal Discrimination and Restoring Merit-Based Opportunity

Ends diversity, equity and inclusion programs in federal agencies. Instructs the attorney general and the Office of Management and Budget director to submit a report within four months with recommendations on discouraging DEI programs in the private sector. The attorney general and the education secretary also have four months to issue guidance to educational institutions about complying with the Supreme Court decision that struck down affirmative action programs in college admissions.

Lawsuit argues EO unconstitutionally violates 5th amendment due process for vagueness; 1st Amendment's free speech clause and separation of powers; seeks preliminary and permanent injunctions against both. On Feb 21, Judge Abelson granted a preliminary injunction in large part, but also denied the preliminary injunction in part to allow the Attorney General to engage in an investigation. An appeal was submitted by the defendant on Feb 24.

None

Ends diversity, equity, and inclusion programs in federal agencies and seeks to make recommendations to discourage these programs in the private sector. 

Potential incremental risk to investors focused on diversity and equality, as challenges introduced for US corporate diversity reporting and transparency

1/20/2025

14172

Socio-cultural

Restoring Names That Honor American Greatness

Changes the name of Denali back to Mount McKinley, after the name was changed in 2015, and renames the Gulf of Mexico as the Gulf of America in federal references.

N/A

None

Disregards the original name of the mountain, Denali, from the indigenous people of what is now the United States. Changing the name to that of a Western explorer does not properly reflect the contributions or presence of the indigenous people of this country.

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

1/20/2025

14171

Government

Restoring Accountability to Policy-Influencing Positions Within the Federal Workforce

Reinstates the “Schedule F” policy from the first Trump administration that converts civil servants to political appointees, allowing them to be more easily dismissed. Notes employees are not required to personally support the president, but they are required “to faithfully implement administration policies to the best of their ability.” Instructs the director of the Office of Personnel Management to identify within 30 days other positions that could be converted.

Multiple lawsuits filed claiming the executive order violates laws passed by Congress to provide civil-service protections to the majority of civil servants, excluding Senate-confirmed political appointees some are seeking an injunction enjoining the administration from implementing the executive order

None

Eliminates protections for civil servants, many of whom serve under administrations of both parties

Uncertain investment implications in the short term

1/20/2025

14170

Government

Reforming the Federal Hiring Process and Restoring Merit to Government Service

Reforms the federal hiring process to “prevent the hiring of individuals based on their race, sex, or religion, and prevent the hiring of individuals who are unwilling to defend the Constitution or to faithfully serve the Executive Branch.” It also makes other changes to federal hiring, like decreasing the time it takes to hire employees and improving communication on the hiring process with prospective employees.

N/A

None

Removes considerations of racial, gender, or religious diversity in federal hiring processes

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

1/20/2025

14169

International Affairs

Reevaluating and Realigning United States Foreign Aid

Declares a 90-day pause in U.S. foreign development assistance and calls for a full-scale review of all programs at the end of the 90 day period. 

Update: Feb 21 - Judge Nichols rejected the preliminary injunction and temporary restraining order based on his reasoning that plaintiffs can pursue remedies with administrative bodies governing disputes; does not constitute irreparable harm; Feb 7, 2025 - temporary restraining order issued preventing USAID from placing employees on administrative leave or evacuating them; Request for restraining order on funding freeze rejected; Lawsuit seeks temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction to halt efforts to shut down the agency; There has been a waiver for select health and humanitarian programs; Some courts have granted orders for existing invoices to be paid related to select health related activities

None

Reduces funding for global health, hunger, and other humanitarian initiatives

Limited investment implications in the short term, over the longer term, possible negative macro implications in emerging markets (particularly LDCs)

1/20/2025

14168

Socio-cultural

Defending Women From Gender Ideology Extremism and Restoring Biological Truth to the Federal Government

Asserts U.S. policy recognizes two sexes, male and female. Directs federal agencies to use the term “sex,” not “gender,” and to ensure federal personnel records and government-issued documents, such as passports, “accurately reflect the holder’s sex.”

Directs agencies to ensure federal funds “do not promote gender ideology.” Bars federal funds from being used for gender transition health care in prisons and mandates single-sex spaces be designated.

Update: On 26 Jan, judge reportedly issues a temporary restraining order to not transfer a transgender female inmate from the general population of the women's facility; On 4 Feb, another judge issues a temporary restraining order to block government from transferring transgender inmates or discontinuing their care. Lawsuit claims the order violates Tenth Amendment. Another lawsuit claims removal of information on gender ideology from HHS websites is an arbitrary and capricious act; violating the Administrative Procedure Act. Similar lawsuits have also led to temporary restraining orders.

None

Removal of data on sexual orientation and gender identity of US population from government websites such as the Census Bureau or CDC limits research on the health of and economic impacts to LGBTQ+ individuals.

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

1/20/2025

14167

Defense and National Security

Clarifying the Military's Role in Protecting the Territorial Integrity of the United States

States national policy is for armed forces to protect US borders. Requires the defense secretary to deliver a plan to seal the border and prevent unlawful mass migration, narcotics and human trafficking, and other criminal activities within 10 days.

N/A

None

Seeks to reduce the flow of narcotics and instances of human trafficking in the US

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

1/20/2025

14166

Socio-cultural

Application of Protecting Americans From Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act to TikTok

Instructs the Attorney General to not enforce a ban on TikTok, which was enacted by Congress in 2024 and upheld by the Supreme Court this year, for 75 days.

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

1/20/2025

14165

Immigration

Securing Our Borders

Calls for a "physical wall and other barriers" on the southern border; the detention and prompt removal of those who violate federal or state laws (including immigration laws); ends a protected status program for Cubans, Haitians, Nicaraguans and Venezuelans; asserts migrants must be "returned to the territory from which they came" during removal proceedings; and terminates "CBP One" app.

ACLU and Las Americas Immigrant Advocacy Center filed a motion for a temporary restraining order. Additional lawsuits cite racial animus from current DHS Secretary Kristi Noem. Implementation has led to the revocation of select student visas and increased deportations.

None

Eliminates temporary protected status for applicable immigrant groups, including Venezuelans, and Haitians

Limited investment implications in the short term until the order is enacted. Depending on the scope and degree of implementation, this might have negative implications for the labor pool of some industries. 

1/20/2025

14164

Socio-cultural

Restoring the Death Penalty and Protecting Public Safety

Defends the use of capital punishment "where possible" and directs the Attorney General to seek the death penalty if a law enforcement officer is murdered or if someone in the US illegally commits a capital crime. Asks the Attorney General to study the 37 death row inmates whose sentences were commuted in the prior administration and make sure they are "imprisoned in conditions consistent with the monstrosity of their crimes and the threats they pose," as well as check to see if these inmates are eligible to be charged with state capital offenses. Calls on the Attorney General to help keep drugs needed for lethal injections available.

 A group of individuals whose federal death sentences were commuted by President Biden challenge Donald Trump’s Jan. 20 Executive Order (EO), directing the Attorney General to evaluate their imprisonment conditions for consistency with the “monstrosity” of their crimes and the threats they pose.

None

Research aggregated by the Death Penalty Information Center (DPI) shows the death penalty is consistently more expensive to taxpayers than life imprisonment and demonstrates "racial disparities continue to define federal capital prosecutions." 

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

1/20/2025

14163

Immigration

Realigning the United States Refugee Admissions Program

Suspends refugee resettlement in the US. Directs the Secretary of Homeland Security and the Secretary of State to submit a report to Trump within 90 days detailing whether refugee resettlement should resume, as well as to submit subsequent reports every three months until Trump decides to no longer suspend refugee resettlement.

Judge Whitehead issued a preliminary injunction barring implementation of the executive order on February 10th; in another lawsuit, Judge McFadden ordered an expedited briefing schedule for the preliminary injunction motion.

None

Denies admission of approved refugees and leaves many refugees in vulnerable situations

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

1/20/2025

14162

International Affairs

Putting America First in International Environmental Agreements

Calls for the US ambassador to the United Nations to withdraw the US from the Paris Agreement, an international climate accord that included targets for reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and provided funding globally to help countries reach those targets.

Withdrawal can occur after 12 months following notice to the Paris Agreement. 

Limits the US's ability to influence and participate in global policy on climate change, eliminates need to set or report progress on greenhouse gas emissions reductions, reduces global funding for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term. See “What do Trump’s executive orders mean for climate?” (24 January 2025) for more.

Pertains to the Energy Transitions LTI 

1/20/2025

14161

Immigration

Protecting the United States From Foreign Terrorists and Other National Security and Public Safety Threats

Calls for foreign nationals to be vetted and screened “to the maximum degree possible.” Directs agencies to submit a report within 60 days identifying any vetting concerns that could warrant suspending entry from certain countries and pinpointing the number of nationals admitted during the prior administration from those countries of concern. Gives agencies 30 days to evaluate visa programs and issue recommendations.

This has led to the arrest and detainment of various foreign nationals including students who may have expressed pro-Palestinian sentiment. Lawsuits have been filed to address the lack of due process. Some student visas were cancelled but this was later walked back.

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

1/20/2025

14160

Immigration

Protecting the Meaning and Value of American Citizenship

Instructs government agencies to not issue documents recognizing citizenship to people born to two parents who do not have lawful permanent residence or citizenship in the United States. 

The order has been temporarily blocked by a court due to a legal challenge based on the Constitution's 14th Amendment, which is currently interpreted to guarantee birthright citizenship for anyone born in the U.S., excluding the children of diplomats.

None

Disregards the current interpretation of the 14th Amendment

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

1/20/2025

14159

Immigration

Protecting the American People Against Invasion

Directs the Attorney General and the Secretary of Homeland Security to establish Homeland Security Task Forces (HSTFs) in all states nationwide

Lawsuit filed which claims the executive order is arbitrary and disregards legal and constitutional protections against wrongful removal; claims aspects of the order violates the Appropriations Clause and the First Amendment - seeks a temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction; another lawsuit related to the DOJ memo which implements this claims the executive order/memo violates the Tenth Amendment and Fifth Amendment and seeks a permanent injunction

None

Increases the likelihood of raids looking for undocumented immigrants, which may lead to family separation, and disrupt industry labor forces

Limited investment implications in the short term until the order is enacted. Depending on the scope and degree of implementation, might have negative implications for the labor pool of some industries. 

1/20/2025

14158

Government

Establishing and Implementing the President's "Department of Government Efficiency"

Renames the United States Digital Service the U.S. DOGE Service and creates guidelines for this new organization aimed at "modernizing Federal technology and software to maximize government efficiency."

As of March 5, additional requests for injunctions have been submitted. As of Feb 25, multiple requests for temporary restraining orders have been denied; however on Feb 24, the court granted a temporary restraining order preventing the Department of Education and the Office of Personnel Management from disclosing sensitive information to DOGE affiliates; Update Feb 6- Access to sensitive information provided to DOGE assistants with no security clearance; judge says only two Musk-affiliated staffers can access Treasury Department's payment system on a "read-only" basis, after workers' unions sued; Administration sued by National Security Counselors for DOGE to be a federal advisory board with "fairly balanced" membership and public transparency. 

None

Seeks to develop a new department without Congress approval

Limited investment implications in the short term at the portfolio level, however many have larger longer term impacts on companies deriving a significant portion of revenue from government contracts.

1/20/2025

14157

International Affairs

Designating Cartels and Other Organizations as Foreign Terrorist Organizations and Specially Designated Global Terrorists

Calls on key Cabinet secretaries to create a list of cartels and similar groups (including Tren de Aragua, also known as TdA, and La Mara Salvatrucha, also known as MS-13) to consider for designation as terrorist organizations.

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

1/20/2025

14156

Energy & the Environment

Declaring a National Energy Emergency

States agencies can leverage emergency authorities to support all aspects related to energy production and expedite the completion of authorized infrastructure.

N/A

Prioritizes the energy sources in EO 14154 which are largely fossil fuels. Leveraging emergency measures may reduce inclusion of environmental and physical safety regulations and testing. We expect limited impact to lowering barriers to permitting as much of this lies at the state level.

Reduces permitting needed and increasing infrastructure development may reduce environmental testing and community engagement, leading to more communities exposed to  the negative externalities from fossil fuel production

Creates volatility tied to environmental sustainability topics, but we see limited near-term risks. See “What do Trump’s executive orders mean for climate?” (24 January 2025) for more.

Pertains to the Energy Transitions LTI 

1/20/2025

14155

International Affairs

Withdrawing the United States From the World Health Organization

States the US intends to withdraw from the World Health Organization and instructs the Secretary of State to inform the United Nations and WHO of the withdrawal. Instructs the secretary and Office of Management and Budget director to pause US funds, support and resources to the WHO, reassign personnel working with the WHO, and identify other domestic and international partners to take over WHO activities.

Congressional approval might be needed for the US to withdraw from WHO. 

None

Might limit US health authorities' access to global research on viruses and health risks; reduces funding for global health initiatives 

Limited investment implications in the short term

1/20/2025

14154

Energy & the Environment

Unleashing American Energy

Eliminates the prior administration's emissions standards and electric vehicle mandate, promotes freedom to select appliances, including toilets and shower heads, not based on energy efficiency, and requests a review of any actions that could hamper domestic energy production. Encourages energy exploration and production on Federal lands and waters, including on the Outer Continental Shelf.

N/A

EO focuses on fossil fuel production as well as hydropower, biofuels, and nuclear energy, but does not explicitly identify solar and wind, key renewable energy sources. This could help speed along the development of nuclear but may also bypass safety regards to do so.

None

Creates volatility tied to environmental sustainability topics, but we see limited near-term risks. See “What do Trump’s executive orders mean for climate?” (24 January 2025) for more.

Pertains to the Energy Transitions LTI 

1/20/2025

14153

Energy & the Environment

Unleashing Alaska's Extraordinary Resource Potential

Seeks to "maximize the development and production of natural resources" in Alaska on both Federal and State lands. This order reduces barriers to permitting and leasing for energy projects in the state, expedites the development of liquid natural gas production, removes certain industry regulations. 

N/A

Contributes to increases in greenhouse gas emissions. Potential risks to wildlife and biodiversity. 

Denies the pending request to establish an indigenous sacred site in the Coastal Plan of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge

Creates volatility tied to environmental sustainability topics, but we see limited near-term risks. See “What do Trump’s executive orders mean for climate?” (24 January 2025) for more.

Pertains to the Energy Transitions LTI 

1/20/2025

14152

Government

Holding Former Government Officials Accountable for Election Interference and Improper Disclosure of Sensitive Governmental Information

Revokes security clearances of 51 former intelligence officials who signed a letter stating allegations around Hunter Biden’s laptop may have been tied to Russia. Instructs agencies to issue a report detailing “any inappropriate activity” related to the letter and any additional disciplinary actions.

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

1/20/2025

14151

Government/Socio-cultural

Ending Radical and Wasteful Government DEI Programs and Preferencing

Terminates all diversity, equity, inclusion and accessibility, and environmental justice programs, policies and mandates across the federal government, as well as related positions. 

Lawsuit filed argues EO is an unconstitutional violation of the Spending Clause and the 5th Amendment's due process guarantee for vagueness. Seeks preliminary and permanent injunctions. On Feb 21, Judge Abelson granted a preliminary injunction in large part, but also denied the preliminary injunction in part to allow the Attorney General to engage in an investigation. An appeal was submitted by the defendant on Feb 24.

None

Ends diversity, equity, and inclusion programs in federal agencies.

Potential risks for investors focused on diversity and equality, if listed companies with federal government contracts pull back commitments and transparency on diversity topics. 

1/20/2025

14150

Government

America First Policy Directive to the Secretary of State

Directs the Secretary of State to align the State Department "with an America First foreign policy."

N/A

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short or long term at the portfolio level.

Potential longer term implications for international relations, including trade and development. 

1/20/2025

14149

Government

Restoring Freedom of Speech and Ending Federal Censorship

Bans government censorship of US citizens and calls for an investigation into whether the former administration supported censorship of US citizens, with a focus on social media companies.

In 2024, the Supreme Court dismissed a claim the previous administration unlawfully coerced social media companies to remove contentious content.

None

Suggests efforts to limit misinformation (including online fact-checking) infringed on constitutional rights, which may lead to a pullback on fact-checking and related efforts at a federal level and on certain social media platforms. 

Limited investment implications in the short or long term

1/20/2025

14148

Government/Socio-cultural/Energy & the Environment

Initial Rescissions of Harmful Executive Orders and Actions

Repeals 78 executive orders and memoranda, including the task force aimed at reuniting migrant families, orders around Covid and racial/gender equity and climate change, and certain protections for LGBTQ people and asylum policies. The repealed orders include dozens issued in the final weeks of the prior administration, including orders reworking department orders of succession, blocking certain oil and gas leases, and removing Cuba from the list of state sponsors of terror.

Complaints filed from conservation and farming group argue the rescissions of certain executive orders is "in excess of [presidential] authority" or unlawful and seek related injunctions

Repeals prior administration's executive orders related to climate change

Repeals prior administration's executive orders about COVID, racial/gender equity,  certain protections for LGBTQ people and asylum policies, and phasing out the use of private prisons. Reduces ability to study policy impacts and track data related to progress towards inclusion of underrepresented communities.

Potential incremental risk to investors focused on diversity and equality, as challenges introduced for US corporate diversity reporting and transparency.

Creates volatility tied to environmental sustainability topics, but we see limited near-term risks. See “What do Trump’s executive orders mean for climate?” (24 January 2025) for more.

Pertains to the Energy Transitions LTI 

1/20/2025

14147

Government

Ending the Weaponization of the Federal Government

Requests a review of all civil or criminal enforcement activities, as well as intelligence actions, from the prior administration by the Attorney General and all other federal agency heads to determine if any actions were taken with sole purpose of punishing political opponents. Requests recommendations for "appropriate remedial actions" where applicable.

Lawsuit filed resulted in temporary restraining order which prohibits government from publicly releasing a list of those who worked on January 6th investigation. Briefings for a preliminary injunction will be filed by 21 March 2025.

None

None

Limited investment implications in the short term

Note: We have removed a few niche EOs (14179, 14178, 14177, 14176) for length purposes. The full tracker is available for download at the top of the page.

Source: White House, Federal Register, Courtlistener.com, JustSecurity.org, NBC.com, UBS, as of 28 May 2025.

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