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For marketing and information purposes by UBS. CNMV registration number (Comisión Nacional del Mercado de Valores): .  Representative in Spain for UBS funds established under foreign law: UBS Bank, S.A., MARÍA DE MOLINA, 4, E-28006 MADRID. Prospectuses, simplified prospectuses or Key investor information, the articles of association or the management regulations as well as annual and semi-annual reports of UBS funds are available free of charge from UBS, MARÍA DE MOLINA Nº 4, 28006 MADRID / AVENIDA DIAGONAL Nº 640, 2º A, E-08017 BARCELONA / FERNÁNDEZ Y GONZÁLEZ Nº 2, PLANTA PRINCIPAL, E-41001 SEVILLA / C/ROGER DE LAURIA Nº 7, 1ª PLANTA, 46002 VALENCIA / COSO Nº 33, 5º A, 50003 ZARAGOZA, CANTÓN PEQUEÑO 15, 4º, 15003 A CORUÑA. Before investing in a product please read the latest prospectus carefully and thoroughly. Units of UBS funds mentioned herein may not be eligible for sale in all jurisdictions or to certain categories of investors and may not be offered, sold or delivered in the United States. The information mentioned herein is not intended to be construed as a solicitation or an offer to buy or sell any securities or related financial instruments. Past performance is not a reliable indicator of future results. The performance shown does not take account of any commissions and costs charged when subscribing to and redeeming units. Commissions and costs have a negative impact on performance. If the currency of a financial product or financial service is different from your reference currency, the return can increase or decrease as a result of currency fluctuations. This information pays no regard to the specific or future investment objectives, financial or tax situation or particular needs of any specific recipient. The details and opinions contained in this document are provided by UBS without any guarantee or warranty and are for the recipient's personal use and information purposes only. This document may not be reproduced, redistributed or republished for any purpose without the written permission of UBS AG. Source for all data and charts (if not indicated otherwise): UBS Asset Management

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Replication strategies

How is an index incorporated into a portfolio?

The objective of an exchange traded fund (ETF) is to track as closely as possible the index on which the ETF is based in order to provide investors in the ETF the same performance relative to the market underlying the index.

Indices are based on theoretical calculations, however, which means that costs incurred in practice, for example, for the purchase or sale of securities represented in the index are not reflected in the index calculation. Nevertheless, these costs are charged whenever an index and its performance are replicated for an investment.

How closely an ETF tracks the performance of its underlying index is therefore critical. Ideally, the performance of the ETF differs from that of the index solely in the costs and fees incurred. Since for example indices tracking only the stock market of a single country apply different criteria for index replication compared to an index containing stocks from multiple countries, the criteria for an exact index replication differ from index to index. For these reasons, UBS ETFs utilize a variety of index replication methods.

Full physical replication

The ETF invests in the securities represented in the index in accordance with their index weighting.

Optimized physical replication

The ETF invests only in those securities represented in the index that are needed to achieve a performance very close to that of the index.

Synthetic replication

The ETF invests in a securities portfolio and exchanges its performance for that of the index.

The purchasing process

The purchasing process is in principle identical for all replication methods – however, physical delivery of the securities applies only to physically replicated ETFs.

 

  1. The investor purchases ETF units on the stock exchange or directly from a market maker or authorized partner (OTC trading)
  2. The market maker or authorized partner either pays cash (for physically and synthetically replicated ETFs) or delivers the requisite securities (only for physically replicated ETFs) to the ETF